Table 1

Cardiovascular functions of AA and its metabolites

AA Metabolite
Receptor subtypes
Secondary messenger mechanisms
Tissue distribution of the receptors
Cardiovascular functions of AA metabolites
Ref.

PGD2
DP1, DP2 (CRTH2)
Gs (DP1, 2), Gi, Gq, MAPK (DP2)
Leptomeninges, Langerhan cells, Goblet and columnar cells in GI tract, Eosinophils for DP1, All tissues for DP2
Vasodilation, Vasoconstriction, Platelet deaggregation
1, 12
PGE2
EP1, EP3, EP3, EP4
Gs, Gi, Gq
Kidney, Lung and Stomach for EP1, EP2 expressed in response to LPS and gonadotrophins, EP3 and 4 in all tissues
Vasodilation, Vasoconstriction, Maintain renal blood flow and GFR, Vascular smooth muscle mitogenesis
1, 12, 15
PGI2
IP
Gs (predominant), Gi, Gq
Neurons, (primarily DRGs), Endothelial cells, Vascular smooth muscle cells, Kidney, Thymus, Spleen and Megakaryocytes
Vasodilation, Inhibit platelet aggregation, Inhibit TXA2-induced vascular proliferation
1, 12, 21, 58
PGF2α
FP
Gq, EGFR
Corpus luteum, Kidney, Heart, Lung and Stomach
Vasoconstriction, Mitogenesis in heart, Inflammatory tachycardia, Renal functions
1, 12
TXA2
TP
Gq, Gs, Gi, Gh, G12
Kidney, Heart, Lungs, Platelets and Immune cells
Platelet aggregation, Vasoconstriction, Inflammatory tachycardia
1, 12, 58
20-HETE
?
Gq, Tyrosine kinase, Increased conductance of L-type Ca2+ channels, Inhibition of Na+-K+-2Cl cotransporter
?
Renal and cerebral artery contraction, Antagonize EDHF mediated vasorelaxation, Myogenic constriction, Regulate renal functions
1, 54
Leukotrienes (LTB4-E4)
BLT1, BLT2 (LTB4), CysLT1, CysLT2 (LTC4-D4)
?Gi/Go (BLT1,2, CysLT1,2), Gα16 (BLT1,2)
Leukocytes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, lymph nodes, heart, skeletal muscle, brain and liver for BLT1, Most tissues for BLT2,
Coronary smooth muscle contraction, Transient pulmonary and systemic hypertension
1, 54
EETs
?
Gs, Tyrosine kinases, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, Activation of Ca2+-activated K+ channels
?
Renal and cerebral vasodilation, Renal vasoconstriction, Vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cell proliferation
1

Premkumar and Raisinghani Molecular Pain 2006 2:26   doi:10.1186/1744-8069-2-26